火灾的原因尚不清楚。

All I know is that she used to work in a bank (= I have no other information about her) .

我只知道她曾在银行工作过。

[V (that)] I know (that) people's handwriting changes as they get older.

我知道人们的笔迹随着年龄的增长而变化。

[VN that] It is widely known that CFCs can damage the ozone layer.

众所周知氯氟烃会破坏臭氧层。

[V wh-] I knew where he was hiding.

我知道他藏在哪里。

I didn't know what he was talking about.

我不知道他在谈什么。

[V] ‘You've got a flat tyre.’ ‘I know.’

“你的车胎瘪了。”“我知道。”

‘What's the answer?’ ‘I don't know.’

“答案是什么？”“我不知道。”

‘There's no one in.’ ‘ How do you know? ’

“里边一个人都没有。”“你怎么知道呢？”

You know about Amanda's baby, don't you?

你知道阿曼达的小宝宝吧？

I don't know about you, but I'm ready for something to eat.

不管你怎么样，反正我要吃点东西。

I know of at least two people who did the same thing.

我知道至少有两人干过同样的事。

‘Is anyone else coming?’ ‘ Not that I know of. ’

“还有别的人要来吗？”“据我所知没有了。”

‘Isn't that his car?’ ‘ I wouldn't know./How should I know? (= I don't know and I am not the person you should ask.) ’

“那不是他的汽车吗？”“我怎么会知道呢？”

(informal) ‘What are you two whispering about?’ ‘ You don't want to know (= because you would be shocked or wouldn't approve) .’

“你们俩在说什么悄悄话？”“你还是不知道的好。”

[V to inf] Does he know to come here (= that he should come here) first?

他知道要先到这儿来吗？

[VN to inf] We know her to be honest.

我们知道她很诚实。

Two women are known to have died.

据悉两名妇女死了。

see also need-to-know

意识到 realize

2

认识到；懂得；意识到

to realize, understand or be aware of sth

[V (that)] As soon as I walked in the room I knew (that) something was wrong.

我刚走进屋就意识到出了事。

She knew she was dying.

她知道自己快死了。

[V wh-] I knew perfectly well what she meant.

我完全懂她的意思。

I know exactly how you feel.

我非常清楚你的感受。

[VN] This case is hopeless and he knows it (= although he will not admit it) .

这个案子毫无希望，这一点他是清楚的。

[V] ‘Martin was lying all the time.’ ‘ I should have known .’

“马丁一直在撒谎。”“我本该察觉到的。”

确信 feel certain

3

确信；确知；肯定

to feel certain about sth

[V (that)] He knew (that) he could trust her.

他确信她是可以信赖的。

I know it's here somewhere!

我肯定它在这儿某个地方！

I don't know that I can finish it by next week.

我没有把握能在下周完成。

[VN] ‘You were right─someone's been spreading rumours about you.’ ‘I knew it!’

“你说得对——有人一直在散布你的谣言。”“我早就知道！”

[V] ‘She's the worst player in the team.’ ‘Oh, I don't know (= I am not sure that I agree) ─she played well yesterday.’

“她是最糟的队员。”“哦，是吗？——她昨天表现可不错。”

see also don't-know

熟悉 be familiar

4

[VN] 熟悉；认识；了解

to be familiar with a person, place, thing, etc.

I've known David for 20 years.

我认识戴维已有20年了。

Do you two know each other (= have you met before) ?

你们俩认识吗？

She's very nice when you get to know her.

你了解她以后就会觉得她非常可爱。

Knowing Ben , we could be waiting a long time (= it is typical of him to be late) .

本这个人我们了解，能叫我们等很长时间。

This man is known to the police (= as a criminal) .

这男人是在警方挂了号的。

I know Paris well.

我很熟悉巴黎。

Do you know the play (= have you seen or read it before) ?

你知道这出戏吗？

The new rules could mean the end of football as we know it (= in the form that we are familiar with) .

这些新规则可能意味着我们熟悉的足球终结了。

名声 reputation

5

~ sb/sth as sth | ~ sb/sth for sth

[usually passive] 把…看作是；认为…是

to think that sb/sth is a particular type of person or thing or has particular characteristics

[VN] It's known as the most dangerous part of the city.

人们都认为那是市内最危险的地段。

She is best known for her work on the human brain.

她在对人脑的研究方面最为知名。

[VN to inf] He's known to be an outstanding physicist.

他被公认为杰出的物理学家。

命名 give name

6

[VN] ~ sb/sth as sth

[usually passive] 将…称为；把…叫做

to give sb/sth a particular name or title

The drug is commonly known as Ecstasy.

这种药通常称作摇头丸。

Peter Wilson, also known as ‘the Tiger’.

彼得∙威尔逊，也称“老虎”。

认出 recognize

7

[VN] 能认出；能辨认出

to be able to recognize sb/sth

I couldn't see who was speaking, but I knew the voice.

我看不到谁在讲话，但我能辨认出声音。

She knows a bargain when she sees one.

她一看就知道有没有便宜可捡。

区分 distinguish

8

[VN] ~ sb/sth from sb/sth

能区分；能分辨

to be able to distinguish one person or thing from another

同义词： differentiat

I hope we have taught our children to know right from wrong.

我希望我们教给了孩子分辨是非的能力。

技能；语言 skill/language

9

学会；掌握

to have learned a skill or language and be able to use it

[VN] Do you know any Japanese?

你会日语吗？

[V wh-] Do you know how to use spreadsheets?

你知道电子数据表的使用方法吗？

经历 experience

10

(only used in the perfect tenses 仅用于完成时) 看到过；听到过；经历过

to have seen, heard or experienced sth

[VN inf , VN to inf] I've never known it (to) snow in July before.

我以前从未见到过七月份下雪。

[VN to inf] He has been known to spend all morning in the bathroom.

听说他整个上午都待在盥洗室里。

11

[VN] 亲身体验；亲身经历

to have personal experience of sth

He has known both poverty and wealth.

他贫富生活都亲身经历过。

She may be successful now, but she has known what it is like to be poor.

她现在可能成功了，但她尝过贫穷的滋味。

习语

before you know where you are

瞬息之间；转眼间；一下子

very quickly or suddenly

We were whisked off in a taxi before we knew where we were.

还没等我们弄清怎么回事，出租车就一阵风似地把我们带走了。

be not to know

无从知道，并不知道（做错了事）

to have no way of realizing or being aware that you have done sth wrong

‘I'm sorry, I called when you were in bed.’ ‘Don't worry─you weren't to know.’

“对不起，你睡觉时打电话打扰你了。”“别在意——你不是故意的嘛。”

for all you, I, they, etc. know

(informal) （强调不知道对自己无关紧要的事）不知道，说不定，亦未可知

used to emphasize that you do not know sth and that it is not important to you

She could be dead for all I know.

她说不定已经死了。

God/goodness/Heaven knows

1

（强调不知道）谁知道，天晓得

used to emphasize that you do not know sth

God knows what else they might find.

谁知道他们还可能找到什么。

‘Where are they?’ ‘Goodness knows.’

“他们在哪儿？”“天晓得。”

【帮助说明】 Some people may find the use of God knows offensive. 有人可能认为用God knows含冒犯意。

2

（强调所言属实）老天作证，确实，的确

used to emphasize the truth of what you are saying

She ought to pass the exam─goodness knows she's been working hard enough.

她应该考合格——她可真够努力了。

I don't know how, why, etc.…

(informal) （批评某人的行为）真想不到，真不知道

used to criticize sb's behaviour

I don't know how you can say things like that.

真想不到你怎么会说出这种话来。

I know

1

（表示同意或同情）我理解，我有同感，我知道

used to agree with sb or to show sympathy

‘What a ridiculous situation!’ ‘I know.’

“这境况真荒唐！”“的确是。”

2

（引出新的想法或建议）我有个主意（或办法、建议）

used to introduce a new idea or suggestion

I know, let's see what's on at the theatre.

我有主意了，咱们看看剧院在上演什么。

know sth as well as I do

（用以批评）其实完全明白，哪会不知道，知道得很清楚

used to criticize sb by saying that they should realize or understand sth

You know as well as I do that you're being unreasonable.

其实你完全明白你是在故意胡搅蛮缠。

know sb/sth backwards

(informal, especially BrE) 对…了如指掌（或倒背如流）；把…背得滚瓜烂熟

to know sb/sth extremely well

She must know the play backwards by now.

她现在对这个剧本肯定是倒背如流。

know best

最懂得，最知道，比谁都明白（该怎么做，等等）

to know what should be done, etc. better than other people

The doctor told you to stay in bed, and she knows best.

医生叫你卧床休息，她最清楚你该怎么做。

know better (than that/than to do sth)

明白事理（而不至于）；不至于糊涂到

to be sensible enough not to do sth

He knows better than to judge by appearances.

他明白得很，绝不会凭表面现象来判断。

know sb by sight

与某人面熟

to recognize sb without knowing them well

know different/otherwise

(informal) 所知道的不是那么回事；所掌握的情况大不一样（或大相径庭）

to have information or evidence that the opposite is true

He says he doesn't care about what the critics write, but I know different.

他说他并不在乎批评家的评论，可我知道不是那么回事。

know full well

非常清楚；不可否认；不可忽视

to be very aware of a fact and unable to deny or ignore it

He knew full well what she thought of it.

他非常清楚她对此事的看法。

know sb/sth inside out

know sb/sth like the back of your hand

(informal) 对…极为熟悉（或了如指掌）

to be very familiar with sth

This is where I grew up. I know this area like the back of my hand.

我在这儿长大的，我对这地方再熟悉不过了。

know your own mind

知道自己想做什么；有主见

to have very firm ideas about what you want to do

know your stuff

(informal) 精通业务；对工作很内行

to know a lot about a particular subject or job

know your way around

熟悉周围情况（或课题等）

to be familiar with a place, subject, etc.

know what you're talking about

(informal) 亲身经历过；作经验之谈

to have knowledge about sth from your own experience

know which side your bread is buttered

(informal) 知道自己的利益所在

to know where you can get an advantage for yourself

let it be known/make it known that…

(formal) （尤指通过他人传达而）使人知晓，让人知道

to make sure that people are informed about sth, especially by getting sb else to tell them

The President has let it be known that he does not intend to run for election again.

总统已经公开表示他不打算再次参加竞选。

let sb know

让某人知道；告诉（或通知）某人

to tell sb about sth

Let me know how I can help.

我能帮什么忙，只管说。

make yourself known to sb

向某人作自我介绍

to introduce yourself to sb

I made myself known to the hotel manager.

我向旅馆老板作了自我介绍。

not know any better

（因缺乏教养而）表现不好；因无人指教而举止不良

to behave badly, usually because you have not been taught the correct way to behave

not know your arse from your elbow

(BrE, taboo, slang) 愚蠢之至；屁都不懂

to be very stupid or completely lacking in skill

not know beans about sth

(NAmE, informal) 完全不懂行；对…一窍不通

to know nothing about a subject

not know the first thing about sb/sth

对…一无所知；对…一窍不通

to know nothing at all about sb/sth

not know sb from Adam

(informal) 根本不认识某人；与某人素不相识

to not know at all who sb is

not know what hit you

(informal) 因吃惊而不知所措；惊呆了

to be so surprised by sth that you do not know how to react

not know where to look

(informal) 尴尬得不知如何是好；狼狈不堪；感到很难堪

to feel great embarrassment and not know how to react

not know whether you're coming or going

(informal) （激动得）不知如何是好；糊里糊涂；不知所措

to be so excited or confused that you cannot behave or think in a sensible way

not know you are born

(BrE, informal) 身在福中不知福

to have an easy life without realizing how easy it is

You people without kids don't know you're born.

你们没孩子，真是身在福中不知福啊。

there's no knowing

难以预料；无从知道；没法说

used to say that it is impossible to say what might happen

There's no knowing how he'll react.

很难预料他会有什么样的反应。

what does… know?

（某人）知道什么，懂什么

used to say that sb knows nothing about the subject you are talking about

What does he know about football, anyway?

不管怎么说，他懂什么足球？

what do you know?

(informal) （表示惊奇）你看怪不怪，真没想到

used to express surprise

Well, what do you know? Look who's here!

唷，真想不到！你看谁来啦！

you know

1

（说话人考虑接着说什么时用）

used when you are thinking of what to say next

Well, you know, it's difficult to explain.

唉，你知道，这很难解释。

2

（表示对方知道或了解所言）你知道的

used to show that what you are referring to is known or understood by the person you are speaking to

Guess who I've just seen? Maggie! You know─Jim's wife.

你猜我刚才看见谁了，玛吉！你难道不知道——吉姆的妻子呀。

You know that restaurant round the corner? It's closed down.

拐角那家餐馆，你知道吧？已经倒闭了。

3

（加强语气）你要知道

used to emphasize sth that you are saying

I'm not stupid, you know.

你要知道，我不是傻子。

you know something/what?

(informal) （引出令人感兴趣或吃惊的看法、消息等）要我告诉你吗，你听说了吗

used to introduce an interesting or surprising opinion, piece of news, etc.

You know something? I've never really enjoyed Christmas.

要我告诉你吗？圣诞节我从未真正快乐过。

you know who/what

(informal) （不说出名称）你知道是谁 / 什么

used to refer to sb/sth without mentioning a name

you never know

(informal) （尤指可能会发生好事）很难说，很难预料

used to say that you can never be certain about what will happen in the future, especially when you are suggesting that sth good might happen

have/know all the answers

(informal, often disapproving) （自以为）全懂，什么都精通

to be confident that you know sth, especially when you actually do not

He thinks he knows all the answers.

他自以为什么都知道。

have seen/known better days

(humorous) 穷困潦倒；昔盛今衰；曾辉煌过

to be in poor condition

Our car has seen better days!

我们的汽车曾辉煌一时！

better the devil you know (than the devil you don't)

(saying) 熟悉的魔鬼比不熟悉的魔鬼好；不要嫌熟悉的环境不好，换个不熟悉的环境可能更糟

used to say that it is easier and wiser to stay in a bad situation that you know and can deal with rather than change to a new situation which may be much worse

as far as I know

as far as I can remember, see, tell, etc.

就我所知；尽我所记得的；依我看

used to say that you think you know, remember, understand, etc. sth but you cannot be completely sure, especially because you do not know all the facts

As far as we knew, there was no cause for concern.

就我们所知，没有什么要担心的。

As far as I can see, you've done nothing wrong.

依我看，你没有做错任何事。

She lived in Chicago, as far as I can remember.

据我所记得的，她过去住在芝加哥。

old enough to know better

已长大，该懂事了

old enough to behave in a more sensible way than you actually did

have/know sth off pat

NAmE have/know sth down pat

了如指掌；滚瓜烂熟

to know sth perfectly so that you can repeat it at any time without having to think about it

He had all the answers off pat.

所有的答案他都胸有成竹。

show sb/know/learn the ropes

(informal) 向某人演示 / 知道 / 学会如何做某事

to show sb/know/learn how a particular job should be done

know/tell sb a thing or two (about sb/sth)

(informal) 了解 / 透露有用的（或有趣的、意外的）信息；有所了解 / 披露；见多识广

to know/tell sb some useful, interesting or surprising information about sb/sth

She's been married five times, so she knows a thing or two about men!

她结过五次婚，所以对男人有所了解。

noun

习语

in the know

(informal) 知情；熟悉内幕；掌握内情

having more information about sth than most people

Somebody in the know told me he's going to resign.

有知情者告诉我他要辞职了。

know about 了解 ; 知道…的情况 ; 知道有关于 ; 知道

know better 明事理 ; 有头脑 ; 有不止如此的了解 ; 大街上踢足球

Know Ignorance 知其不知

Know little 知道得很少 ; 知道的少 ; 知道很少 ; 知之不多

Know More 知道更多 ; 懂得的越多 ; 知识创新 ; 比较深入

know Service 知名服务

Know your 懂你 ; 认识你 ; 对不起 ; 抱歉

Know Limitations 了解的限制 ; 知道的局限性 ; 知道限制

know none 知道没有 ; 都不认识 ; 知道无

I do not know every one of you.

我不认识你们中的每一个人。

I do not know why you like him.

我不知道，你为什么喜欢他。

How do I know what I should do, what not to do?

我怎么知道我应该做什么，不应该做什么呢

1.know的基本意思是“知道”“认识”“听说”,指直接了解某事物,也可表示“领会,懂得”,指通过体验或传授而获得知识。

2.know可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词作“知道,懂得”解时,可接表示事物的名词、代词、带疑问词的动词不定式、that或疑问词引导的从句作宾语,也可接以“(to be/as+) n./adj./prep. -phrase. ”或动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。作“认识,了解”解时,可接表示人或物的名词作宾语。know可用于被动结构。know接to be作宾语补足语时, to be常可省略,但当to be表示的时间先于know表示的时间时,须用不定式的完成式,且不可省略。

3.在对话回答语中,如know的宾语表示的是整个事实(如that-clause),则宾语可省略; 如know的宾语是一个具体事物,则通常以it代替之。

4.know是表示思想状态的动词,指思维活动的结果,通常不用于进行体。