5.List of Symbols Used

Part One Rhythm

Unit 1 Word Stress

I.Kinds of Stress(重音的种类)

II.Stress Placement(重音位置)

III.Stress Influence on Meaning of Words

Unit 2 Sentence Stress

I.Sense Stress

II.Logical Stress

III.Emotional Stress

Unit 3 Rhythm and Its Features

I.Rhythm(节奏)

II.Rhvthm GrouD(节奏群)and Its Division

III.Features of English Rhythm(英语节奏的特点)

Unit 4 Rhythm Patterns

Unit 5 Sense-groups and Pausing

I.Sense-groups and Their Divisions

II.Pausing

Part Two Intonation

Unit 6 A Brief Introduction

I.Definition

II.Function

III.Illustrating Intonation

Unit 7 Basic Tones and Their Training

I.Basic Tones(基本声调)

II.Basic Training of Tones

Unit 8 Tone-groups

I.Tone-groups(声调组)

II.Tone-group Division

III.Structure of the Tone-group or Tune、

Prehead

Head

Body

Nucleus

Tail

IV.Features of an English Tune

Unit 9 Function of Tunes and Their Uses

I.Falling Tune

II.Rising Tune

III.Falling-rising Tune

Unit 10 Combined Tunes

I.Fall+Fall

II.Fall+Rise

III.Rise+Fall

IV.Rise+Rise

V.Fall+Fall-rise

VI.Fall-rise+Fall

VII.Fall-rise+Rise

Unit 11 Reading of Long Sentences

I.Tune Broken Upwards(Broken Tune or Accidental Rise)

II.Intonation of Vocatives

III.Intonation of Parenthesis

IV.Intonation of Reporting Phrases

Part Three Pronunciation

Unit 12 Organs of Speech

Unit 13 The Classification of Phonemes

I.Phonemes(音位)and Allophones(音位变体)

II.Classification of English Phonemes

Unit 1 4 The English Vowels——Pure Vowels

I.Front Vowels/i:/and/i/

II.Front Vowels/e/and/ae/

III.Central Vowels/3:/,/o/and/A/

IV.Back Vowel/a:/

V.Back Vowels/n/and/o:/

VI.Back Vowels/o/and/u:/

Unit 15 The English Vowels——Diphthongs

I.Closing Diphthongs/ei/,/ai/,and/i/

II.Closing Diphthongs/ao/and/ao/

III.Centring Diphthongs/io/./eo/.and/uo/

Unit 16 Consonants

I.Plosives/p/,/b/;It/,/d/;/k/,/g/

II.Fricatives/f/,/v/;/f/,/a/

III.Fricatives/s/,/z/;/o/,/0/

IV.Fricatives/h/;frictionless continuant/r/and

the lateral/1/

Unit 17 Consonants(continued)

V.Nasals/m/,/n/,and/n/

VI.Affricates/tI/and/d3/

VII.Semi-vowels/w/and/j/

Unit 18 Phonemes in Combination

I.The Syllable Theories and Definition

II.Syllable Construction

HI.Open Syllables

IV.Closed Syllables

Unit 19 Consonant Clusters and Incomplete Plosion

I.Consonant Clusters

II.Incomplete plosion

Unit 20 Sound Changes in Connected Speech

I.Liaison

II.Strong Forms and Weak Forms

III.Elision

IV.Assimilation

V.Length of a sound

Additionai Remarks:Reading as an Exercise in Enunc-a-

tion and Delivery

1.Some Basic Points

Breathing and Resonance in the Mouth and Nose

Cavities(呼吸与共鸣)

Sense-groups and Pausing

Pace(or Tempo),Intensity and Pitch(速度,音强或音重和音高)

Tune and Expression(语气和表情)

A Thorough Understanding of the Reading Ma-

terial

2.Models for Appreciation and Imitation

Appendix I.Rules of Reading

Appendix II.British English and American English in Com-

parison

Appendix III.Glossary

Main References