更新时间：2023-02-10 19:59
剧本。英国谢立丹作于1777年。施尼威尔夫人等一群贵族男女以造谣生事为乐，专门破坏别人的名誉和家庭幸福。施尼威尔夫人的家成了一所“造谣学校”。
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《造谣学校》主要布局是写两个性格不同的弟兄，弟弟查尔斯是一个挥霍成性的浪荡子，但是宅心忠厚真性善良；哥哥是表面上循规蹈矩，满口仁义道德的文质彬彬的君子，实则是贪婪伪善的小人。经过几度测验，终于露出了本来面目，显示了无所逃遁的真形，其间高潮迭起，趣味横生，舞台的效果甚大。
长舌妇是很普遍的一个类型，专好谈论人家的私事，嫉人有、笑人无，对于有名望有财富有幸福生活的人们，便格外的喜欢蜚短流长，总要“横挑鼻子竖挑眼”的找出一点点可以訾议的事情来加以诽谤嘲笑，非如此则不快意，有时候根本是空穴来风，出于捏造。《造谣学校》一剧有很著名的一例：
有一晚，在庞陶太太家里聚会，话题转到在本国繁殖诺瓦斯考西亚品种羊的困难。在座的一位年轻女士说：
“我知道一些实例：丽蒂夏·派泊尔小姐乃是我的亲表姊，她养了一只诺瓦斯考西亚羊，给她生了一对双胞胎。”——“什么！”丹狄赛老太婆（你知道她是耳聋的）大叫起来，“派泊尔小姐生了一对双胞胎？”这一错误使在座的人哄堂大笑。可是，第二天早晨到处传言，数日之内全城的人都信以为真，丽蒂夏·派泊尔小姐确实生了胖胖的一男一女；不到一星期，有人能指出父亲是谁，两个婴儿寄在哪个农家养育。
The School for Scandal
The play evolves around the story of two brothers: the hypocritical Joseph Surface and the good natured Charles Surface. Charles is in love with Maria, Sir Peter Teazle’s ward. Lady Sneerwell takes to Charles but Charles does not love her. As a revenge, Lady Sneerwell instigates Joseph to pursue Maria for her money. Joseph, while courting Maria, secretly tries to seduce Lady Teazle, the young and innocent girl who has just married to Sir Peter Teazle. Sir Peter Teazle, misled by Lady Sneerwell and Joseph, assumes that Charles is the person flirting with his young wife.
One day, while Lady Teazle and Joseph are on the verge of committing adultery, Sir Peter returns home. Lady Teazle is forced to hide behind the screen. Then quite by accident, Charles shows up. Sir Peter hides himself with a view to catching the adulterer on the spot. Charles rushes in and he knocks down the screen. Everything comes to light. Sir Peter finds out that it is not Charles but Joseph who is the seducer of his wife. He drives Joseph out of his house.
In the meanwhile, Sir Oliver Surface, the rich, old uncle of the Surface brothers, came back from India. He wants to know which nephew is loyal to him. He visits Charles first. Charles sells all his family portraits except that of his uncle. Then he disguises as a poor relative asking for Joseph’s help but Joseph will never do him a favor.
The comedy has a happy ending. Charles wins the heart of his beloved and gets the inheritance of his uncle. Joseph is punished for his misdemeanor. Lady Teazle, repentant and promising to turn over a new leaf, is reconciled to her husband.
The play is Sheridan's masterpiece. It has been known as a great comedy of manners. In it, the author contrasts two brothers, Joseph Surface and Charles Surface. In the play, Sheridan criticizes Englsih high society for its vanity, greed and hypocrisy. This play has been a great success on the stage and regarded as the best English comedy since Shakespeare.
《造谣学校》是谢立丹的名篇。被世人称为风尚喜剧。剧中，作者把兄弟两描画成鲜明的对比。
谢立丹呵斥英国上层社会的虚荣，贪婪和虚伪。
此外，这一剧本在舞台上也取得了不错的成绩，并被视为仅次于莎士比亚的巨作。