凤凰和斑鸠

更新时间:2023-10-03 14:56

《凤凰和斑鸠》是一首诗歌,作者莎士比亚(W. William Shakespeare;1564~1616)英国文艺复兴时期伟大的剧作家、诗人,欧洲文艺复兴时期人文主义文学的集大成者。莎士比亚的代表作有四大悲剧:《哈姆雷特》(英:Hamlet)、《奥赛罗》(英:Othello)、《李尔王》(英:King Lear)、《麦克白》(英:Macbeth)。

作家

四大喜剧《第十二夜》、《仲夏夜之梦》、《威尼斯商人》、《无事生非》(人教版教材称《皆大欢喜》)。历史剧:《亨利四世》、《亨利五世》、《理查二世》等。还写过154首十四行诗,二首长诗。本·琼生称他为“时代的灵魂”,马克思称他和古希腊的埃斯库罗斯为“人类最伟大的戏剧天才”。虽然莎士比亚只用英文写作,但他却是世界著名作家。他的大部分作品都已被译成多种文字,其剧作也在许多国家上演。1616年4月23日病逝。

诗文

原文

Let the bird of loudest lay,

On the sole Arabian tree,

Herald sad and trumpet be,

To whose sound chaste wings obey.

But thou, shrieking harbinger,

Foul pre-currer of the fiend,

Augur of the fever's end,

To this troop come thou not near.

From this session interdict

Every fowl of tyrant wing,

Save the eagle, feather'd king:

Keep the obsequy so strict.

Let the priest in surplice white,

That defunctive music can,

Be the death-divining swan,

Lest the requiem lack his right.

And thou, treble-dated crow,

That thy sable gender mak'st

With the breath thou giv'st and tak'st,

'Mongst our mourners shalt thou go.

Here the anthem doth commence:

Love and constancy is dead;

Phoenix and the turtle fled

In a mutual flame from hence.

So they lov'd, as love in twain

Had the essence but in one;

Two distincts, division none:

Number there in love was slain.

Hearts remote, yet not asunder;

Distance, and no space was seen

'Twixt the turtle and his queen;

But in them it were a wonder.

So between them love did shine,

That the turtle saw his right

Flaming in the phoenix' sight:

Either was the other's mine.

Property was thus appall'd,

That the self was not the same;

Single nature's double name

Neither two nor one was call'd.

Reason, in itself confounded,

Saw division grow together;

To themselves yet either-neither,

Simple were so well compounded

That it cried how true a twain

Seemeth this concordant one!

Love hath reason, reason none

If what parts can so remain.

Whereupon it made this threne

To the phoenix and the dove,

Co-supreme and stars of love;

As chorus to their tragic scene.

THRENOS.

Beauty, truth, and rarity.

Grace in all simplicity,

Here enclos'd in cinders lie.

Death is now the phoenix' nest;

And the turtle's loyal breast

To eternity doth rest,

Leaving no posterity:--

'Twas not their infirmity,

It was married chastity.

Truth may seem, but cannot be:

Beauty brag, but 'tis not she;

Truth and beauty buried be.

To this urn let those repair

That are either true or fair;

For these dead birds sigh a prayer.

译文

让那歌喉最响亮的鸟雀,

飞上独立的凤树的枝头,

宣布讣告,把哀乐演奏,

一切飞禽都和着拍子跳跃。

可是你叫声刺耳的狂徒,

你魔鬼的邪恶的信使,

死神的忠实的信士,

千万别走近我们的队伍。

任何专横跋扈的暴徒,

都不容走近我们的会场,

只除了鹰,那羽族之王:

葬礼的尊严不容玩忽。

让那身穿着白色袈裟,

懂得死亡之曲的牧师,

唱出死神来临的挽诗,

并由他领着作弥撒。

还有你寿长过人的乌鸦,

也必须参加哭丧的队伍,

你生来穿着黑色的丧服,

开口就像哭不用作假。

接着他们唱出送丧的哀辞,

爱情和忠贞已经死亡;

凤和鸠化作一团火光

一同飞升,离开了尘世。

它们是那样彼此相爱,

仿佛两者已合为一体;

分明是二,却又浑然为一:

是一是二,谁也难猜。

两颗心分开,却又在一起;

斑鸠虽和它的皇后分开,

它们之间却并无距离存在:

这情景只能说是奇迹。

爱情在它俩之间如电光闪灼,

斑鸠借着凤凰的眼睛,

就能清楚地看见自身:

彼此都认为对方是我。

物性仿佛已失去规矩,

本身竟可以并非本身,

形体相合又各自有名,

两者既分为二又合为一。

理智本身也无能为力,

它明明看到合一的分离,

二者全不知谁是自己,

这单一体原又是复合体。

它不禁叫道,“多奇怪,

这到底是二还是一!

这情景如果长存下去,

理智将变作爱情的奴才。”

因此它唱出一首哀歌,

敬献给凤凰和斑鸠,

这爱情的明星和旗手,

吊唁它们的悲惨结果。

哀歌

美、真、至上的感情,

如此可贵,如此真纯,

现在竟一同化作灰烬。

凤巢现在已不复存在;

那斑鸠的忠贞情怀,

此一去,永远难再。

也未留下后代儿孙——

这并非因它们身体有病,

而是因为婚后仍童身。

从今后,再说真,是谎,

再有美,不过是假相,

真和美已被埋葬。

不真不美的也别牢骚,

这骨灰瓶可以任你瞧,

这两只死鸟正为你默祷。

免责声明
隐私政策
用户协议
目录 22
0{{catalogNumber[index]}}. {{item.title}}
{{item.title}}