更新时间:2023-11-24 10:44
维欧尼-维欧尼所属被子植物门,在曾经的欧洲大陆是比较普遍的一款的葡萄,维欧尼(Viognier)为白葡萄品种。维欧尼的特点是极其的芬芳,带着浓郁的杏子、水蜜桃和果香,让人一闻就难以忘怀,可惜酸度较低不耐久存,加之产量不高,所以种植范围不是很广。该品种产自隆河地区的康德吕(Condrieu)和格里叶堡(Chateau Grillet),随着全球越来越多的关注,在法国南部、澳洲、加州、智利也开始有不错的表现。
英文别名
Bergeron,Barbin, Rebolot, Greffou, Picotin Blanc,Vionnier,Petiti Vionnier, Viogne,Galopine,Vugava bijela。
原产地
法国
生长环境
法国、美国、澳大利亚、南非、智利、新西兰、阿根廷
典型香气
麝香葡萄、杏桃、刺槐花、蜂蜜和紫罗兰等
Viognier,中文译名十分多样,以“维欧尼”译名最深入人心,流传最为广泛。该品种原产于法国,法国、美国、澳大利亚、南非、智利、新西兰和阿根廷等地都有种植。这是一个极难种植的葡萄品种,即使在十分适合它的主要种植区——法国罗讷河谷(Rhone Valley),其产量也非常少。该品种是孔得里约(Condrieu)的白葡萄品种,也参与著名的格里叶堡(Chateau Grillet)葡萄酒的酿造,同时也赋予罗第产区(Cote Rotie)西哈(Syrah)红葡萄酒浓郁的香气。总体说来,用维欧尼酿制的葡萄酒呈金黄色,干爽而滑腻,透着极其浓郁的沁人酒香。
Viognier(维欧尼):长势旺盛的品种,从9月初就开始成熟。难于种植,对于多种病害都很敏感,需要种植在贫瘠干燥多石的土壤里。酒精度高,酸度低,和谐,圆润,带有强烈花香(紫罗兰、金合欢)而且能发展出蜂蜜、麝香、桃和干杏的香气。这个品种以前只有北隆河的Chateau Grillet, Condrieu种植,仅仅数十公顷的面积,而今,其特点受到越来越多的重视,种植面积在世界范围内成飞快的速度发展,遍及美国、澳大利亚等新世界国家。
关于Viognier (发音vee-oh-nyay)维欧尼葡萄的起源,我们的葡萄酒学究们仍然在争议当中。在他们没有完成顶定论,之前更多的专家认为维欧尼是起源于达尔马提亚,同样出产于达尔马提亚的克罗地亚好东西就是鼎鼎有名的大麦町斑点狗。在罗马帝国时期它被带入了法国的隆河地区。当时有名的皇帝普罗布斯还在公元281年的时候还亲自采购过维欧尼葡萄。另外一个传说说的是这款葡萄和席拉一起被装在货船运送去薄若来途中,曾被一群当地的一群自称是culs de piux(虔诚的忠实者)的不法团伙劫持,案发地点就在隆河地区的Condrieu(已经成为隆和重要的维欧尼产地)附近,看起来就算是在遥远的古代其受欢迎程度一点也不差。
Viognier的起源也同样含糊不清,和她拼写最接近的法国城市Vienne维埃那是当时罗马帝国的前哨城市。另外一个关于她名字的猜测来源于古罗马语中的Gehennae的发音,这个词的意思是通往地狱的道路,暗指这款葡萄在种植上的别样艰辛。虽然我们确信当时的种植葡萄的农民已经拥有相当文学造诣和夸大事实的本领,不过维欧尼对于环境的要求确实是有些苛刻了,不仅喜欢立于贫瘠干燥多石的土壤之上,对于很多针对葡萄的病虫害都没什么抵抗力。尽管拥有如此骄纵和脆弱的性格,维欧尼所给出的浓烈花香:最具有辨识度的是紫罗兰和金合欢的香气,而且在后味中还能发展出麝香和杏仁的香气,这几乎是没有任何一款白葡萄能够比拟的,除了作为混酿葡萄酒中增添香氛的重要元素之外,纯的维欧尼通过高酒精度的调配,可以发挥其最佳的酿造适性达到饱满而柔软的酒体以及高度复杂的香气特质,较高的酒精度能够烘托更深层次的口感,从而提升出其香味层面的潜力。
维欧尼在曾经的欧洲大陆是比较普遍的一款的葡萄,虽然它作为一款在世界葡萄酒市场不常见的白葡萄成为北罗纳(北隆河)地区的一个的独家标志性品种。上个世纪60年代的时候,这个品种在法国几乎濒临灭绝,想象一下当时的北隆河只剩 8 英亩的维欧尼葡萄园。由于一度如此稀少,而葡萄酒时尚的转变来的如此之快,尽管如今维欧尼在全球的种植量大大的上升,但在价格上,隆河维欧尼的价格永远是白酒中的翘楚。
继续之前提到过的维欧尼的亲缘纠纷,直到2004年,加州大学发布了一系列关于维欧尼的DNA归类报告,Davis博士宣布了和维欧尼最亲近的亲戚,她是来自意大利皮尔蒙特产区的Freisa葡萄,在遗传学上讲,它还是人气意大利葡萄Nebbiolo内比欧露葡萄的堂姐。
维欧尼最吸引人的地方可能是其强大,复杂的香气。香气物质与琼瑶浆,麝香一样,是种萜烯物质,维欧尼不适于久存,一类花香会在3年内逐渐消失。虽然大部分维欧尼都是干的,但是延迟采摘或稻草法也能酿制甜酒。
维欧尼常见blend(混酿):设拉子维欧尼,加州尝试了霞多丽,白诗南,鸽笼白,但加州的维欧尼酒精度高于法国。在智利,阿根廷也有种植,比如智利流行的品牌Casilero del Diablo生产的Viognier。澳大利亚,意大利,南非,新西兰,日本都有种植。
维欧尼的主要一个缺点就是难以生长,虽然比较耐旱,但是在潮湿环境下容易得白粉病,与其他品种一样,收获必须在成熟的高峰期,来获取其独特的风味和香气。收获过早,无法得到丰富的香气,收获过晚,葡萄酒会有油性的味道,品种高糖低酸,赋予葡萄酒风味和酒精。很多酒庄会用它来进行调和。
全球引种
维欧尼从90年代开始被广泛的引种在世界各地。不管是加州和澳大利亚,如今都拥有为数客观的维欧尼葡萄葡萄园。但是其实维欧尼也面临过一段尴尬的低迷时期:法国境内维欧尼数量下降趋势的巅峰在葡萄根瘤菌泛滥的时候上升到了巅峰,这场葡萄业界的风暴从19世纪中叶一直持续到了20世纪,维欧尼的种植面积也是有减无增。第一次世界大战带来的混乱更是让种植葡萄的世家改行或者干脆举家搬迁。所以才会有我刚才公布的1965年的尴尬数字,人们才开始意识到他们国家的一门重要葡萄正面临灭绝的重大问题。即使是到了1985年的时候,维欧尼在法国的种植仍然岌岌可危。当然如今维欧尼已经顺利的逃脱了濒临灭绝的危机,并且在世界各地有限的生长着而法国的北隆河产区的种植面积也有大幅度的提升。除了之前说到的加州和澳大利亚,成功移植的维欧的其他国家和地区分别是意大利中部的 Piedmont皮尔蒙特产区以及南非,新西兰,甚至在日本你都能找到维欧尼葡萄园的踪迹。
法国维欧尼
Rhone Valley罗纳河谷:
法国的维欧尼只在几个产区内获得单一种植许可,Condrieu 和 Chateau Grillet 注1(维欧尼名望最高的产地)都名列其中,这些地域大多是在隆河的左岸,距离里昂南部40公里的授权葡萄园。大多数法国产的维欧尼都在Languedoc朗格多克地区以 Vin de Pays身份销售。在隆河地区的出口庄园中,这款葡萄经常和Roussane,Marsanne马珊,Grenache blanc白歌海纳和Rolle葡萄混合酿造,以期制造出具有家族风范的高品质白酒。在北隆河地区这款葡萄还和Chardonnay莎当妮一起混合酿制。在Vignerons他们只挑拥有保温材质的花岗岩质土壤来种植维欧尼,这样植株的生命力会被大大的增强。薄若来比较有名的酿酒大师Georges Duboeuf在Ardèche产区移植了不少维欧尼,借着隆河维欧尼的原有的名声使其成为其白酒打开销路。
除了为隆河的白酒增色之外,在Cote-Rotie AOC产区的标准当中,红酒中能够加入20%的维欧尼,但是但多数厂商往往都不会在自己得意的红酒作品中放超过5%的维欧尼。由于维欧尼比席拉等葡萄的成熟要早很多,这款葡萄经常和混酿的对象席拉葡萄分开进行采摘和发酵。除了增添嗅觉上的愉悦之外,维欧尼对于红葡萄酒的最大的好处就是通过在酿制中的共色作用为每瓶出产的红酒提供稳定的如宝石般的色泽。
由这些厂商的老道手段,古老的维欧尼积攒多年的韵味再次被打开,其凝练的特质即使作为配角出现在一些作品中也能被细心的品醇客察觉到。如果你是喜欢旧世界葡萄酒复杂和隽永性格的老酒客,下一杯,你能否辨识出维欧尼这块凝练的琥珀呢?
注1:Chateau Grillet( 法国最小的AOC产地,面积不到10亩,只有一个业主)
除了Rhone Valley罗纳河谷以外,维欧尼也种植于法国南部的Provence(普罗旺斯)和Languedoc(朗格多克)地区。
澳大利亚维欧尼
澳大利亚广泛种植维欧尼,1980年,Yalumba御兰堡是第一个把维欧尼从法国罗纳河产区带到澳大利亚商业种植的酒庄,葡萄种植在巴罗莎谷。南澳维欧尼的种植面积也在大量增加,澳洲的维欧尼酒精度往往能达到13%以上。如同Cote-Rotie的设拉子会加入维欧尼调配一样,澳洲也流行这种做法,添加的量因人而异,一般都在5%左右。(维欧尼混酿的比例变化空间比较大,从2%-10%以下,所以结果也各不相同),维欧尼赋予了酒体更多的香甜香气,来中和设拉子所具有的浓烈香气,并且在口感上也起到调和作用,使得葡萄酒更圆润,平衡,更能稳定设拉子的颜色。是近些年澳洲流行的一种趋势!
下面列举澳洲生产维欧尼的酒庄。
Alan and Veitch Adelaide Hills
Albert River Queensland Coastal
Aldinga Bay McLaren Vale
Alkoomi Frankland River
Allies Wines Mornington Peninsula
Allusion Wines Southern Fleurieu
Amulet Vineyard Beechworth
Anderson Winery Rutherglen
Andrew Peace Wines Swan Hill
Angas Vineyards Langhorne Creek
Angoves Winery Riverland
Angullong Wines Orange
Arakoon McLaren Vale
Artwine Clare Valley
Arundel Sunbury
Badgers Brook Yarra Valley Yarra Valley
Bago Vineyards Hastings River
Ballandeen Estate Granite Belt
Ballinaclash Wines Hilltops
Balthazar Barossa
Bartagunyah Estate Southern Flinders Region
Barton Estate Canberra
Barwick Wines Margaret River
Battely Wines Beechworth
Battle of Bosworth Wines McLaren Vale
Battunga Vineyards Adelaide Hills
Beelgara Estate Riverina
Belgrave Park Winery South Coast Zone
Belgravia Vineyards Orange
Bellarine Estate Geelong
Berton Vineyards Riverina
Bimbadgen Estate Hunter Valley
Binbilla Hilltops
Biscay Wines Barossa Valley
Blamires Butterfly Crossing Bendigo
Blue Poles Vineyard Margaret River
Boat O'Craigo Yarra Valley
Boireann Granite Belt
Boyntons Feathertop Alpine Valleys
Brammar Estate Yarra Valley
Brindabella Hills Canberra
Brokenwood Wines Hunter Valley
Brookhampton Estate Geographe
Brown Brothers King Valley
By Farr Geelong
Calais Estate Hunter Valley
Camp Road Estate Hunter Valley
Campbells Wines Rutherglen
Cape Mentelle Margaret River
Capel Vale Geographe
Carickalinga Creek Southern Fleurieu
Carilley Estate Swan Valley
Carlaminda Estate Geographe
Cascabel McLaren Vale
Casella Riverina
Castagna Vineyard Beechworth
Ceres Bridge Estate Geelong
Chain of Ponds Adelaide Hills
Chalice Bridge Estate Margaret River
Charlies Estate Wines Swan Valley
Chateau Mildura Murray Darling
Ciavarella King Valley
Circo V King Valley
Claymore Wines Clare Valley
Clonakilla Canberra
Cobaw Ridge Macedon Ranges
Coombe Farm Vineyard Yarra Valley
Counterpoint Vineyard Pyrenees
Cow Hill Beechworth
Craneford Barossa Valley
Creed of Barossa Barossa Valley
Cupitt's winery Shoalhaven Coast
Currans Family Wines Murray Darling
Cypress Post Granite Belt
D'Arenberg McLaren Vale
Darling Park Mornington Peninsula
David Hook Wines Hunter Valley
De Beaurepaire Wines Mudgee
de Mestre Wines Mudgee
Deakin Estate Murray Darling
Diamond Valley Vineyards Yarra Valley
Djinta Djinta Gippsland
DogRidge McLaren Vale
Domain Day Barossa Valley
Dos Rios Swan Hill
Dyson Wines McLaren Vale
Eaglerange Wines Alpine Valleys
Eden Hall Eden Valley
Elgee Park Mornington Peninsula
Evans Family Wines Hunter Valley
Even Keel Wines Canberra
Farrell Estate Murray Darling
Fighting Gully Road Beechworth
First Creek Hunter Valley
Flying Duck Estate King Valley
Flynn's Wines Heathcote
Fonty's Pool Vineyards Pemberton
Fox Gordon Barossa Valley
Francois Jacquard Perth Hills
Frankland Estate Frankland River
Freeman Vineyards Hilltops
Galvanized Wine Group McLaren Vale
Geddes Wines McLaren Vale
Gelland Estate Mudgee
Gemtree Vineyards McLaren Vale
Geoff Merrill McLaren Vale
Gherardi Wines Margaret River
Ghost Riders Vineyard Hunter Valley
Giant Steps Yarra Valley
Glandore Estate Hunter Valley
Grant Burge Barossa Valley
Gregory's Wines The Peninsulas
Grove Estate Wines Hilltops
Gundowringla Wines Alpine Valleys
Haan Barossa Valley
Hamiltons Bluff Cowra
Happs Margaret River
Harris River Estate Geographe
Hartley Estate Perth Hills
Haselgrove McLaren Vale
Hastwell and Lightfoot McLaren Vale
Haywards of Locksley Strathbogie Ranges
Heafod Glen Winery Swan Valley
Heartland Vineyard Hunter Valley
Heartland Wines Limestone Coast
Heathcote Winery Heathcote
Heggies Vineyard Eden Valley
Heidenriech Estate Barossa Valley
Helen's Hill Estate Yarra Valley
Henley Hill Yarra Valley
Henschke Eden Valley
Hently Farm Wines Barossa Valley
Hobbs of Barossa Ranges Barossa Valley
Honey Moon Vineyard Adelaide Hills
Hotham Ridge Winery Peel
House of Certain Views Hunter Valley
Hugh Hamilton McLaren Vale
Immerse Yarra Valley
Inkwell McLaren Vale
Innocent Bystander Yarra Valley
Izway Wines Barossa Valley
Jarrah Ridge Winery Perth Hills
Jeir Creek Canberra
Jimbour Wines Queensland Zone
Kalgan River Wines Albany
Kalleske Wines Barossa Valley
Kamberra Canberra
Kangarilla Road McLaren Vale
Katoa Wines Heathcote
Kay Bros Amery McLaren Vale
Keith Tulloch Wine Hunter Valley
Kidman Coonawarra Wines Coonawarra
Kilikanoon Clare Valley
Killara Estate Yarra Valley
Kindred Spirit Wines Strathbogie Ranges
King River Estate King Valley
Kingston Estate Riverland
Kirrihill Adelaide Hills
Kirwans Bridge Wines Nagambie Lakes
Koltz McLaren Vale
Kouark Gippsland
Ladbroke Grove Coonawarra
Lady Bay Winery Southern Fleurieu
Lamonts Central Western Australian Zone
Langanook Wines Bendigo
Langmeil Barossa Valley
Lanzthomson Wines Barossa Valley
Lark Hill Winery Canberra
Lashmar Kangaroo Island
Lazy Ballerina McLaren Vale
Lerida Estate Canberra
Lethbridge Wines Geelong
Lillian Pemberton
Linda Domas Wines McLaren Vale
Lindenton Wines Heathcote
Little's Winery Hunter Valley
Little River Wines Swan Valley
Little Wine Company Hunter Valley
Logan Wines Mudgee
Longview Vineyard Adelaide Hills
Louee Wines Mudgee
M. Chapoutier Australia Mount Benson
Macquarie Grove Vineyards Western Plains
Maddens rise Yarra Valley
Margan Family Hunter Valley
Mary Byrnes Wines Granite Belt
mas serrat Yarra Valley
Mason Wines Granite Belt
Mason Wines Granite Belt
Maxwell Wines McLaren Vale
McCuskers Vineyard Perth Hills
McHenry Hohnen Margaret River
McIvor Creek Heathcote
McKellar Ridge Canberra
McPherson Wines Nagambie Lakes
Meera Park Hunter Valley
Merum Pemberton
Metier Wines Yarra Valley
Mihi Creek Vineyard New England
Miles from Nowhere Margaret River
Millbrook Winery Perth Hills
Mitchelton Nagambie Lakes
Moppity Vineyards Hilltops
Mount Appallan Vineyards South Burnett
Mount Buffalo Vineyard Alpine Valleys
Mount Burrumboot Estate Heathcote
Mount Camel Ridge Estate Heathcote
Mount Cole Wineworks Grampians
Mount Pilot Estate North East Victoria
Mount Surmon Clare Valley
Mount Trio Vineyard Porongurup
Mountadam Eden Valley
Mr Riggs Wine Company McLaren Vale
Mulyan Cowra
Munari Heathcote
Mundoonen Canberra
Murray Darling Collection Murray Darling
Murray Street Vineyard Barossa Valley
Myattsfield Vineyard and Winery Perth Hills
Myrtle Vale Vineyard Upper Goulburn
Nalbra Estate Geelong
Neqtar Wines Murray Darling
Noorilim Estate Goulburn Valley
Normanby Wines Queensland Zone
Nursery Ridge Murray Darling
Oakover Estate Swan Valley
Oatley Wines Mudgee
Oceanview Estates Queensland Coastal
Olivers Taranga McLaren Vale
Orange Mountain Orange
Organic Vignerons Australia Riverland
Paracombe Wines Adelaide Hills
Parri Estate Southern Fleurieu
Patterson Lakes Estate Port Phillip Zone
Peel Ridge Peel
Peerick Vineyard Pyrenees
Pelican's Landing Maritime Wines Southern Fleurieu
Penny's Hill McLaren Vale
Pennyfield Wines Riverland
Pepper Tree Wines Hunter Valley
Pepperilly Estate Wines Geographe
Petaluma Adelaide Hills
Petersons Glenesk Estate Mudgee
Pettavel Geelong
Philip Shaw Orange
Phoenix Estate Clare Valley
Piano Gully Manjimup
Pikes Clare Valley
Pinnacle Wines Orange
Plan B Margaret River
Plunkett Fowles Strathbogie Ranges
Poachers Ridge Vineyards Mount Barker
Pondalowie Bendigo
Possums Vineyard McLaren Vale
Pothana Hunter Valley
Prince of Orange Orange
Printhie Wines Orange
Protero Adelaide Hills
Purple Hen Wines Gippsland
Pyren Vineyard Pyrenees
Ralph Fowler Wines Mount Benson
Ravensworth Wines Canberra
Redbank Victoria King Valley
Redheads Studio McLaren Vale
Rees Miller Estate Upper Goulburn
Regent Wines Swan Hill
Ridgemill Estate Granite Belt
Ridgeview Wines Hunter Valley
Riverbank Estate Swan Valley
Robert Johnson Vineyards Eden Valley
Roberts Estate Murray Darling
Rocky Passes Wines Upper Goulburn
Romavilla Roma
Roundstone Winery Yarra Valley
Rowanston on the Track Macedon Ranges
Rupert's Ridge Estate Heathcote
Rutherglen Estates Rutherglen
Salisbury Winery Murray Darling
Saltram Barossa Valley
Sanguine Estate Heathcote
Sautjan Vineyards Macedon Ranges
Scion Vineyard Rutherglen
Seabrook Wines Barossa Valley
Seven Ochres Vineyard Margaret River
Seven Ochres Margaret River
Sevenhill Wines Clare Valley
Shadowfax Vineyard and Winery Geelong
Shelmerdine Heathcote
Sieber Road Wines Barossa Valley
Sirromet Queensland Coastal
Smidge Wines Langhorne Creek
Snobs Creek Wines Upper Goulburn
Solstice Mount Torrens Vineyards Adelaide Hills
Sons of Eden Barossa Valley
Sorby Adams Eden Valley
Southern Highland Wines Southern Highlands
Spence's Vineyard Geelong
Spinifex Barossa Valley
Spoehr Creek Wines Adelaide Hills
SpringLane Yarra Valley
St Leonards Rutherglen
Steinborner Family Vineyards Barossa Valley
Stella Bella Margaret River
Sticks Yarra Valley
Stone Ridge Granite Belt
Stonehaven Padthaway
Stuart Wines Heathcote
Sugarloaf Ridge Southern Tasmania
Sutherlands Creek Vineyard Geelong
Sutton Grange Winery Bendigo
Swings & Roundabouts Margaret River
Symphonia King Valley
Symphony Hill Wines Granite Belt
Syrahmi Heathcote
T'Gallant Mornington Peninsula
Taemus Wines Canberra
Tahbilk Nagambie Lakes
Tall Poppy Murray Darling
Tallarook Wines Upper Goulburn
Tallis Wine Company Goulburn Valley
Taltarni Pyrenees
Tamar Ridge Northern Tasmania
Tanglewood Vines Blackwood Valley
Tapestry McLaren Vale
Tatachilla McLaren Vale
Tawonga Vineyard Alpine Valleys
Taylors Clare Valley
Temple Bruer Langhorne Creek
Terra Felix Upper Goulburn
The Islander Estate Vineyards Kangaroo Island
The Lane Adelaide Hills
The Pawn Wine Company Langhorne Creek
The Ritual Peel
The Standish Wine Company Barossa Valley
Three Moon Creek Queensland Zone
Tiltili Wines Langhorne Creek
Tim Smith Wines Barossa Valley
Torbreck Vintners Barossa Valley
Trahna Rutherglen Wines Rutherglen
Trentham Estate Murray Darling
Turners Crossing Vineyard Bendigo
Two Dorks Estate Heathcote
Valhalla Wines Rutherglen
Veritas Barossa Valley
Vincognita McLaren Vale
Vinea Marson Heathcote
Vintara Rutherglen
W Wine of Mudgee Mudgee
Wallington Wines Cowra
Walter Clappis Wine Co McLaren Vale
Wandoo Farm Central Western Australian Zone
Wanted Man Heathcote
Waratah Vineyard Queensland Zone
Watershed Wines Margaret River
Waurn Ponds Estate Geelong
Wedgetail Ridge Estate Darling Downs
West Cape Howe Wines Denmark
Westend Estate Riverina
Western Range Wines Perth Hills
Westgate Vineyard Grampians
Westlake Vineyards Barossa Valley
Whale Coast Wines Southern Fleurieu
Whicher Ridge Geographe
Whistling Eagle Wines Heathcote
Whitsend Estate Yarra Valley
Whyworry Wines New England
Willow Bridge Estate Geographe
Wills Domain Vineyard Margaret River
Willunga 100 Wines McLaren Vale
Winbirra Vineyard Mornington Peninsula
Winewood Granite Belt
Wirra Wirra McLaren Vale
Woop Woop Wines McLaren Vale
Wovenfield Geographe
Wrattonbully Vineyards Wrattonbully
Yalumba Wine Company Barossa Valley
Yangarra Estate McLaren Vale
Yarra Yarra Yarra Valley
Yarra Yering Yarra Valley
Yarraloch Yarra Valley
Yengari Wine Company Beechworth
Yering Station Yarra Valley
Zilzie Wines Murray Darling
Zonte's Footstep Langhorne Creek
欧洲其他产区
关于世界上的其他种植区域,我们不能忽视欧洲的其他地区。到目前为止,已经发现在意大利,西班牙,希腊,瑞士和奥地利种植了维欧尼。
美国维欧尼
1990年之前几乎没有任何维欧尼种植在加州葡萄园,今天约有800公顷。80年代Calera酒庄是引进维欧尼的先驱,但自1990年以来已被广泛种植,满足来自美国的大量需求。在加州已经尝试结合霞多丽,白诗南和Colombard。
加州是一个种植维欧尼的州,华盛顿州已拥有20公顷种植,在科罗拉多州,佐治亚州,纽约州,北卡罗来纳州,俄勒冈州,得克萨斯州。