交际用语

更新时间:2023-12-29 18:37

交际用语是用于商务交往和生活交往的标语,交际用语在功能性上分商务交际用语和日常生活用语。在语言和文化上分本国交际用语和外国交际用语。

英文中常

1.问候Greetings

(1)Good morning/afternoon/evening. 早上好/下午好/晚上好

Hello/Hi! 嗨!

How are you? 你好吗?

good night 晚安

(2)Fine, thank you.And you? 很好,谢谢,你呢?

Very well,thank you! 很好,谢谢.

2.介绍Introductions

(1)This is Mr/Ms... 这是...先生/小姐.

(2)How do you do? 你好吗?

Nice/Glad to see/meet you. 很高兴见到你.

(3)My name is...I'm a student/work etc. 我叫...我是个学生/工人.

3.告别Farewells

(1)I think it's time for us to leave now. 我想我们该离开了.

(2)Goodbye! 再见!

See you later/tomorrow.(See you.) 回头见/明天见。

Good night! 晚安!

4.打电话Making telephone calls

(1)Hello!May i speak to...? 你好,我想找.....?

(2)This is ...speaking.

(2)Hold on, please. 你别挂.

He/she isn't here right now. 他/她不在这儿.

Can i take a message for you? 我能替你捎个口信吗?

(3)I'm calling to tell/ask you... 我打电话是想告诉/问你......

(4)Goodbye! 再见!

5.感谢和应答Thanks and responses

(1)Thank you(very much.). (非常)感谢

Thanks a lot. 多谢

Many thanks. 多谢

Thanks for... 谢谢,因为.....

(2)Not at all. 没关系

That's all right. 没关系

You're welcome. 不客气

这些是我一本书上的内容,觉得很好,和大家分享

时间关系先打这么多.我会慢慢全部打上来的.

添加

交际用语之问路

1.Excuse me, where is the shop?

2.Excuse me, is there a shop near here?

3.How can I get to the shop?

4.Which is the way to the shop?

5.Could you please tell me where the shop is ?

6.Can you please tell me if there is a shop near here?

7.Could you tell me how I can get to the shop?

8. Do you know which the way to the shop is?

英语日常交际用语

1.问候 Greetings

(1)Good morning(afternoon, evening)早上好(或:下午、晚上)好

Hello.你好

Hi.你好

--How are you? 你好吗?

--Fine, thank you, and you? 好,谢谢,你也好吧?

(2)Best wishes(regards) to sb.问候汤姆好。

Please give my regards(best wishes, love) to Tom.请代我向汤姆致以问候 。

Please remember me to Tom.请代我向汤姆问候。

Say hello to Tom.向汤姆问好

(3)Glad(Pleased) to meet you here(again).很高兴在这里(或:又)见到你 。

2.介绍 Introductions

(1)This is Mr. (Mrs., Miss., Ms.) Green. 这位是格林先生(或:夫人、小姐、女士) 。

This is Li Ning. 这位是李宁。

May I introduce you to my friends? 我来把您介绍给我的好朋友好吗?

I'd like you to meet Mr. Green.我想请您见见格林先生

(2)--How do you do? (初次见面时用)您好

--How do you do? 您好

Nice(Glad, Pleased) to meet(see) you.见到您我很高兴

Nice meeting you, Mr. Green. (多用于分手时)格林先生,我真高兴能认识您

(3)My name is Li Ning.我名叫李宁

I'm a teacher.我是老师

I'm Chinese.我是中国人

Excuse me, what's your (full) name, please? 请问你贵姓(您尊姓大名)

(4)I have often heard about you.我常常听人谈起你

I have often wanted to meet you.我一直想认识你

Excuse my introducing myself.恕我冒昧地自我介绍一下

Do you know my father? 你认识我父亲吗?

I don't think you have met my father.我想你还没有见过我父亲吧

Allow (let) me introduce Mr. Green to you.请允许 (或让) 我给你介绍一下格林先生

3.告别 Farewells

(1)I'm afraid I must be leaving(must be off, have to go) now.恐怕我得走了

I think it's time for us to leave now.我想我们该走了

It's time I met Tom (did my homework). I have to go now. (注意从句要用虚拟语气)我该去见汤姆(或:去做作业了).现在我得走了

(2)Good-bye! /Bye-bye! /Bye! 再见!

See you later(tomorrow).回头见(或:明天见)

See you.回见

Good night.晚安.再见

4.感谢和应答 Thanks and responses

(1)Thank you (very much). (非常)感谢。

Thanks a lot.多谢 。

Many thanks.多谢。

Thanks(Thank you) for listening.谢谢(收听) 。

It's very kind of you (to help me).您真是太好了(帮了我的忙) 。

(2)Not at all. 不用谢.不客气

It's(That's) all right.没关系

You are welcome.不用谢

(3)It's most thoughtful of you.你真是想得太周到了

I don't know how I can thank you enough.我不知怎样谢你才好

I don't know what I should have done without your help.没有你的帮助我真不知道怎么办

Thank you all the same.仍然要谢谢你

5.祝愿、祝贺和应答 Good wishes, congratulations and response

(1)Good luck! 祝你好运

I wish you good luck (success)! 祝你好运(或:成功)

Good journey (to you)! 旅途愉快

Have a good trip.旅途愉快

Have a nice(good) time.祝你玩得高兴

I'd like to congratulate you on your success.祝贺你的成功

(2)Thank you.谢谢

The same to you.也祝贺你

(3)Happy New Year! 新年好!新年快乐

Merry Christmas! 圣诞快乐

Happy birthday to you.祝你生日快乐

Congratulations! 祝贺你

6.道歉、遗憾和应答 Apologies, regrets, sympathies and responses

(1)Pardon. (这里应读降调,若读升调表示因没听清楚对方的话而希望对方重复一遍)请原谅

Sorry(I'm sorry).对不起

I'm sorry for(about) that.我为此感到抱歉(或:难过、遗憾等)

I'm sorry to hear that.听到这个我很难过(遗憾等)

I'm sorry to have(I'm sorry that I have) kept you waiting for a long time.抱歉让你久等

(2)Excuse me(for having kept you waiting for a long time).请原谅(让你久等了)

I'm afraid (that) I'll be late.恐怕我要迟到了

What a pity! 真可惜!真是遗憾

What a shame! 真丢脸

It's a pity that you can't come.你不能来真是遗憾

(3)That's all right.没关系

It doesn't matter.不要紧

That's nothing.没有什么

(4)It was most thoughtless of me.我太卤莽

I must apologize.我得向你道歉

I really didn't mean that at all.我真的完全没有那个意思

(5)Don't worry about that.不要为那事觉得不安

It really isn't worth mentioning.那真是不值得一提的

Don't think any more about it.别再去想它了

I quite understand.我完全理解

7.邀请和应答 Invitations and responses

(1)Will you come to my birthday party? 您能来参加我的生日聚会吗

Would you like to come to my birthday party? 您愿意来参加我的生日聚会吗

I'd like to invite you to come to my birthday party.我想邀请你来参加我的生日聚会

(2)Yes, I'd love to (go to your birthday party).好吗,我非常愿意(去参加你的生日聚会)

Yes, I'd love to, but I'm too busy to go.是的,我非常想参加,但是我太忙了,去不了

Yes, it's very kind(nice) of you.愿意.承蒙你的好意.或:你真是太好了

(3)I'd very much like you to join us.我非常希望您能加入我们之中

Shall we have a drink? 我们喝点东西好吗

(4)That would be very nice.那太好了

With pleasure.好的

8.提供(帮助等)和应答 Offers and responses

(1)Can (Could, Shall) I help you? 我来帮你好吗?或:你要买什么

Would you like me to help you with your lessons? 我来帮你做功课好吗

Is there anything (else) I can do for you? 有什么(别的)事我能帮你做吗

Do you want me to help you? 你想要我帮你吗

What can I do for you? 我能为你做什么呢

Let me do it(carry it)(for you).让我来(替你)做(或:搬)吧

Would you like some tea? 你想来些茶吗

(2)Thanks. That would be nice(fine).谢谢.太好了

That's very kind of you.你真好

Thank you for your help.感谢你的帮助

Yes, please.好的,请(干)吧

Here, take this(my) bag.给,请帮忙拿这个(或:我的)包好吗

(3)No, thanks(thank you).I can manage it myself.不必了,谢谢.我自己能应付

Thank you all the same. (尽管无需你帮忙,但)还是要谢谢你

That's very kind of you, but I can manage it myself.你真好,但我自己能应付

(4)What a hand (to carry it)? 要帮忙(拿)吗

(5)Just what I needed! 我正需要呢!

That's be a big help. Thanks a lot.那真帮了大忙了,多谢

9.约会 Making appointments

(1)Are you (Will you be, Do you happen to be) free this afternoon (tomorrow)? 今天下午(或:明天)你有空吗

How about tomorrow morning (afternoon, evening)? 明天早上(或:下午、晚上)怎么样

Shall we meet at 4:30 at the school gate? 我们4:30在校门口见好吗

(2)Yes, that's all right.行,可以

Yes, I'll be free then.行,到时候我有空

All right, see you then.好吧,到时候见

(3)No, I won't be free then. But I'll be free the next day.不行,那会儿我没空,但是第二天我有空

(4)Have you got anything to do tomorrow? 你明天有事吗?

(At) what time can I see you? 我什么时候可以看你

May I expect you at four? 我四点钟等你好吗

Up to what time shall you be free? 那什么时候你才有空

Shall I call for you or will you come for me? 是我来叫你呢?还是你来约我

Wouldn't it be better to come a little later? 晚一点儿来不是更好吗

Shall I let you know later? 我以后告诉你好吗

Look here,I'll tell you what; you drop me a card this evening and tell me exactly what you've made up your mind to do.听着,就这么办吧;今天晚上你送一张卡片给我,告诉我你到底决定怎么做

(5)Try to come earlier, if you can.如果能够的话,尽量早一些来

I'll look out for you (at) about three.我三点钟左右等你

If you are prevented from coming, will you let me know?

如果你不能来,请告诉我一声好吗

Do try to come.一定想办法来吧

Let's make it 8 o'clock.我们约定八点吧

Let's meet at the school gate.我们在校门口见面吧

That'll be fine. Thank you.那好,谢谢

10.意愿和希望 Intentions and wishes

(1)I'm going to start next week.我打算下周出发

I intend(mean, plan) to start next week.我意欲(或:想要、计划)下周出发

I will do it myself.我要亲自干

I feel like going out for a walk.我想要出去散散步

I'd like to go out for a walk.我想要出去散散步

I (don't) want(hope) to go with you.我(不)愿意(或:希望)和你一起去

I'm ready to go with you.我愿意同你一起去

I would rather not tell you.我真不愿意告诉你

(2)I want(hope, wish) to go with you.我想要(或:希望)和你一起去

I wish that you would go with me. (从句要用虚拟语气)我希望你和我一起去

I would do it if I should have the chance.我若有机会,一定不放过

I would like to go with you.我想和你一块儿去

If only I could see him. (要用虚拟语气)要是我能见上他就好了

11.请求、允许和应答 Asking for permission and responses

(1)May I use your bike? 我可以用用你的自行车吗

Can (Could) I use your bike? 我能用用你的自行车吗

I wonder if I could use your bike. 不知道我能否用用你的自行车

(2)Yes(Sure, Certainly).可以(或:当然可以)

Yes,(do) please.可以,请(便)吧

Of course (you may).当然(可以)

Go ahead, please.干吧.(或:说吧.走吧.)

That's OK(All right).那行

Not at all.一点儿也不

(3)I'm sorry, you can't.抱歉,不行

I'm sorry, but you can use my bike tomorrow.抱歉,但明天你可以用我的自行车

You'd better not.你最好别这样

(4)You can take that, if you like.可以给你那个,如果你想要的话

Take it, by all means.拿去吧,完全没有问题

Take it, do.拿吧,拿去吧

12.同意和不同意 Agreement and disagreement

(1)Certainly(Sure, Of course).当然可以

No problem.没问题

Yes, please.可以,请(干)吧

Yes, I think so.对,我认为是这样

That's true.是真的.或:确实是这样

All right(OK).行,可以

It's a good idea to swim in summer.夏天游泳是个好主意

It's a good idea that we start at once.我们马上出发是个好主意

I(We) agree (with you).我(或:我们)同意(你的意见)

I agree to help you.我答应帮你

I agree that this is a good plan.我赞同这是个好计划

(2)No. I don't think so.不,我认为不是这样的

I'm afraid not.恐怕不是的

I'm afraid I (really) can't agree with you.恐怕我(实在)不能同意你的看法

(3)Yes, just so.是的,正是这样

If you say so.如果你这么说的话,(那我也同意)

Yes. That's just what I think(was going to say).对,那正是我所认为的(或:那正是我想说的话)

I believe(guess, hope) so.我相信(或:猜想、希望)是这样的

There's no doubt about it.那是毫无疑问的

(4)I really don't think so.我真的认为不是这样的

I think(believe, hope) not.我认为(或:相信、希望)不是这样的

I don't think you are right there.我认为在这点上你错了

I'm afraid you are mistaken there.恐怕你在这点上弄错了

13.喜好和厌恶 Likes and dislikes

(1)I like(love) English (very much).我(非常)喜欢英语

I like(love) singing.我喜欢(或:热爱唱歌)

I like(love) to sleep late on Sundays.星期天我喜欢睡懒觉

(2)I don't like(I hate) that man.我不喜欢那人

I don't like(I hate) to trouble you.我不愿打扰你

I don't like asking for help.我不愿求人帮助

(3)It's really wonderful.真是太好了

I've enjoyed it so much.我非常欣赏它

It's too lovely for words.这太可爱了,无法用言语来形容

(4)I can't stand(bear) that woman.我受不了那个女人

He may be all right but I don't like him. 他也许不错,但是我不喜欢他

14.决断和坚持 Determination, decision and insistence

(1)I will go there myself.我要亲自去那儿

I have decided to go there myself.我已决定要亲自去那里

I have decided that I will go there myself.我已决定我将亲自去那

I have decided where to place my new desk.我已决定了安置新写字台的地方

I have decided where I should place my new desk.

我已决定了我该把新写字台安放到哪里

(2)I insist on our starting at once.我坚持主张我们应该马上出发

I insist that we (should) start at once.

虚拟语气(should)+动词原形)

15.判断和意见 Judgment and opinion

(1)It certainly is.当然就是

It's correct to do it right now.马上就干是对的

Well done (Good work)! 干得好

(2)In my opinion Tom is the right man.在我看来汤姆是最合适的人选

It seem as if it is going to rain.好像要下雨了

So(As) far as I know, that is possible.就我所知(依我之见),那是可能的

16.职责 Obligation

(1)You must(should, have to, ought to) study hard.你必须(或:得、应该)努力学习

It is necessary for him to do so.他必须这样做

It is necessary that he (should) do so.他必须这样做(从句要用虚拟语气)

(2)I am to see him tomorrow.我明天该去见他

I am supposed to go now.现在我该走了

17.能力 Ability

(1)I can swim.我会游泳

He is able to come.他能来

We shall be able to finish the work tomorrow.我们可以在明天完成这项工作

18.偏爱 Preference

(1)I prefer fish to chicken. 我喜欢吃鱼肉剩过吃鸡肉

I prefer walking to cycling. 我喜欢步行剩过骑自行车

He'd prefer them (not) to go there.他愿意他们(不要)去那儿

He'd rather begin at once.他宁愿马上就开始

(2)She prefers to be alone.她喜欢独处

I prefer walking alone.我喜欢独自散步

I prefer my coffee black.我喜欢喝不加奶的咖啡

I'd rather walk than take a bus.我宁可走路,也不愿坐公共汽车

19.责备和抱怨 Blame and complaint

(1)He is to blame.他应受责备

She blamed him for the failure of their marriage(She blamed the failure of their marriage on him).她把他们婚姻的失败归咎于

He shouldn't have done it.他本不该做这事(用虚拟语气)

(2)I'm sorry to have said that, but you were too careless.很抱歉我讲了这些话,但你也太粗心大意了

Why can't you do something about it?

20.肯定和不肯定 Certainly and uncertainly

(1)I'm sure (of that).(这一点上)我很肯定

I'm sure I have done the right thing.我确信自己做得对

(2)I'm not sure (of that).(这一点上)我没有把握

I'm not sure whether(if) I should go with him(whether to go with him).我不太清楚是否应该跟着他去

I doubt if(whether) he'll come.我怀疑他是否会来

(3)Perhaps(Maybe).也许吧

(4)There's no doubt(question) about it.那是毫无疑问的(或:没有问题的)

It must be.一定是这样

I dare say.我感说

(5)Perhaps so.也许是这样

21.禁止和警告 Prohibition and warnings

(1)You can't(mustn't) do that.你不可做那事

If you are late again, you’ll be punished.如果你再迟到,你将受罚

You'd better not do it.你最好别做这事

Don't smoke.禁止吸烟

Don't be late.别迟到

(2)Look out! 当心!(或:留神!)

Take care! (Have a care!)留神!

Be careful! 小心!

22.可能和不可能 Possibility and impossibility

(1)He can(may) come.他可能来

It is possible (that) he will be here in time.(It is possible for him to come here in time.) 他也许会及时来这儿的

(2)He may not be right.他可能不对

He is not likely(is likely) to come.他不见得会来

It is likely that they will win.很可能他们赢

23.遇见、猜测和相信 Prediction, conjection and belief

(1)He will help you.他会帮你的

(2)I guess that she's about 30.(I guess her to be about 30.)我想她大概30岁

He must have done it yesterday.他一定是昨天干的这事情

It seems (that) he is lying. (He seems to be lying.)好像他在撒谎

It looks as if it's going to rain.好像就要下雨

You look as if you slept badly.你看起来好像没有睡好觉

(3)I believe that he is right.我相信他是对的

24.请求 Requests

(1)Can (Will, Could, Would) you do it for me? 你能帮我做这事情吗?

Will (Can, Could, Would) you please give me a hand? 请你帮我个忙好吗?

May I have your attention? 请注意啦!

(2)Please give(pass) me that pen.请给(或:递给)我那支笔

Please wait (here).请(在此)等候

Please wait (a moment).请等(一下)

Please wait (for) your turn.请等着轮到你吧

Please stand in line.请站队.或:请排齐

Please line up.请排起队来

Please hurry.请快点儿

Make sure that the important papers are all right please.务请保证那些重要文件的安全

Make sure of the time and place.把时间、地点弄清楚

(3)Don't rush(hurry).别急

Don't crowd.别挤

No noise, please.请勿喧哗

No smoking, please.请勿吸烟

25.劝告和建议 Advice and suggestions

(1)You'd better (not) go there.你最好(别)去那儿

You should(ought to) put on more clothes.你应该多穿点衣服

You need (to buy) a new coat.你需要(买)件新上衣

I suggest that he (should) start at once.我建议他立刻出发

(2)Shall we start at once? 我们立刻出发好吗?

Let's go to school together.咱们一起去上学吧

What (How) about a cup of tea? 来杯茶怎么样?

Why not try again? 为啥不再试试?

Why don't you try again? 你为啥不再试试?

(3)Would you like to try? 你想试一试吗?

What do you say to have lunch? 去吃午饭好吗?

Suppose you ring me up.你打电话给我,怎么样?

26.许诺 Promises

(1)I promise (you) a quick answer.我答应(你)从速答复

I promise (you) that I'll help her.我答应你我将帮助她

You shall have the book tomorrow.你明天就可以得到那本书

I will give my bike to you.我将把我的车子给你

27.提醒 Reminding

(1)Don't forget to take a raincoat with you.别忘了要随身带上雨衣

Don't you remember the days when we first met in Beijing? 难道你想不起来我们在北京首次相识的那些日子了吗?

Make sure that everything is OK now.看一看是不是一切都好了

28.表示焦虑 Expressing anxiety

(1)What's wrong? 怎么啦?出什么毛病啦?

What's the matter (with you)? (你)怎么啦?

Is there anything the matter? 出毛病了吗?

I'm(He's, She's) worried about the baby.我(或:他、她)真(为这小宝宝)着急

Oh, what shall I (we) do? 我(或:我们)该怎么办?

We were all anxious about her safety.我们都为她的安全而担心

29.表示惊奇 Expressing surprise

(1)Really? 真的?

Oh dear! (Dear, dear!)(Dear me!)呵!哎呀!

Is that so? 真是这样吗?

Good heavens! (Heavens!)天哪!

30.表示喜悦 Expressing pleasure

(1)I'm glad(pleased, happy) to hear that.听到这个我非常高兴

That's nice(wonderful, great).这真好!(或:这真妙极了!这真了不起!)

Hopefully tomorrow will turn fine.明天可望转晴

31.当某人看起来不舒服时,询问某人情况

(1)What's wrong with you?

(2)-What's the matter with you?(What's the matter?)

-I have a cold.

中国古代

敬辞

一、“令”:用在名词或形容词前表示对别人亲属的尊敬,有“美好”的意思。如:

令尊令堂:对别人父母的尊称

令兄令妹:对别人兄妹的敬称

令郎令爱(媛):对别人儿女的敬称

令阃:尊称别人的妻子

令亲:尊称别人的亲人

二、“惠”:敬辞,用于对方对自己的行动。如:

惠临、惠顾:指对方到自己这里来

惠存:请别人保存自己的赠品

惠赠敬辞,指对方赠予(财物)

惠允敬辞,指对方允许自己做某事

三、“垂”:敬辞,用于别人对自己的行动。如:

垂念:指别人想念自己

垂问敬辞,表示别人(多指长辈或上级)对自己的询问。

垂爱:(书)敬辞,称对方(多指长辈或上级)对自己的爱护(多用于书信)

四、“赐”:敬辞,指所受的礼物。如:

赐教:别人指教自己

赐膳:别人用饭食招待自己

赐复:请别人给自己回信

五、“请”:敬辞,用于希望对方做什么事。如:

请问:希望别人回答

请教:希望别人指教

六、“高”:敬辞,称别人的事物。如:

高见:指别人的见解

高论;别人见解高明的言论

高足:尊称别人的学生

高寿:用于问老人的年纪

高龄:用于称老人的年龄

高就:指人离开原来的职位就任较高的职位

七、“华”:敬辞,称跟对方有关的事物。如:

华翰:称别人的书信

华诞:别人的生日

华厦(有时称“府上”):别人的房屋

八、“贤”:称呼对方,多用于平辈或晚辈。如:

贤弟、贤侄、贤伉俪等

九、“奉”敬辞,用于自己的行为涉及对方。如:

奉送:赠送

奉还:归还

奉劝:劝告

奉陪:陪同朋友

十、“台”:称呼对方。如:

台端:敬辞,旧时称对方,(多用于机关、团体等给个人的函件)

台甫敬辞,旧时用于问人的表字

台驾敬辞,旧称对方

台鉴:旧时书信套语,用在开头的称呼之后,表示请对方看信。

常用敬辞

卫冕:指竞赛中保住上次获得的冠军称号。

驾(莅)临:敬辞,称对方到来

见教客套话,指教(我),如“有何见教”

见谅:客套话,表示请人谅解

借光:客套话,用于请别人给自己方便或向人询问

借重:指借用其他人的力量,多用做敬辞

金婚:欧洲风俗称结婚五十周年

金兰:可用做结拜为兄弟姐妹的代称,如“义结金兰

进(晋)见:前去会见,(多指见首长)

诣见(拜见):去会见尊长。

进言:向人提意见(尊敬或客气的口气),如“向您进一言”、“大胆进言”

觐见:(书)朝见(君主)

久违:客套话,好久没见

久仰:客套话,仰慕已久(初次见面时说)

问鼎:指谋图夺取政权(中性词

伉丽:(书)夫妻,如伉丽之情

劳步:敬辞,用于谢别人来访

劳驾:客套话,用于请别人做事或让路

留步:客套话,用于主人送客时,客人请主人不要送出去

蒙尘:(书)蒙受灰尘,(指君主因战乱逃亡大外)

名讳:旧时指尊长或所尊敬的人的名字。

内眷:指女眷

赏脸:客套话,用于请对方接受自己的要求或赠品

泰山、泰水岳父岳母

托福:客套话,依赖别人的富气使自己幸运。

外舅:(书)岳父。

斧正:请别人修改文章。

指教:请别人批评。

包涵:请人原谅。

府上:称别人的家

谦辞

谦辞,是人们日常交际和书信往来中必不可少的表示谦虚的言辞,

“家”字一族。用于对别人称自己的辈分高或年纪大的亲戚。如:

家父、家尊家严家君:称自己的父亲;

家母家慈:称自己的母亲;

家兄:称自己的兄长;

家姐:称自己的姐姐;

家叔:称自己的叔叔。

“舍”字一族。用于对别人称自己的辈分低或年纪小的亲戚。如

舍弟:称自己的弟弟;

舍妹:称自己的妹妹;

舍侄:称自己的侄子;

舍亲:称自己的亲戚;

舍间:谦称自己的家,也称“舍下”或“寒舍”。

“小”字一族。谦称自己或与自己有关的人或事物。如

小弟:男性在朋友或熟人之间的谦称自己;

小儿:谦称自己的儿子;

小女:谦称自己的女儿;

小人:地位低的人自称;

小生(多见于早期白话):青年读书人自称;

小可(多见于早期白话):谦称自己;

小店:谦称自己的商店。

“老”字一族。用于谦称自己或与自己有关的事物。如

老粗:谦称自己没有文化;

老朽:老年人谦称自己;

老脸:年老人指自己的面子;

老身:老年妇女谦称自己。

“敢”字一族。表示冒昧地请求别人。如

敢问:用于问对方问题;

敢请:用于请求对方做某事;

敢烦:用于麻烦对方做某事。

“愚”字一族。用于自称的谦称。如

愚兄:向比自己年轻的人称自己;

愚见:称自己的见解。也可单独用“愚”谦称自己。

“拙”字一族。用于对别人趁自己的东西。如

拙笔:谦称自己的文字或书画;

拙著、拙作:谦称自己的文章;

拙见:谦称自己的见解;

拙荆:称自己的妻子;

拙夫:称自己的丈夫。

“敝”字一族。用于谦称自己或跟自己有关的事物。如

敝人:谦称自己;

敝姓:谦称自己的姓;

敝处:谦称自己的房屋、处所;

敝校:谦称自己所在的学校。

“鄙”字一族。用于谦称自己或跟自己有关的事物。如

鄙人:谦称自己;

鄙意:谦称自己的意见;

鄙见:谦称自己的见解。

另外还有

犬子:称自己的儿子;

笨鸟先飞:表示自己能力差,恐怕落后,比别人先行一步;

内人内子):对别人称自己的妻子;

外人(外子):对别人称自己的丈夫

抛砖引玉:谦称用自己粗浅的、不成熟的意见引出别人高明的、成熟的意见,

惠存:请别人保存,等等

现代交际

打招呼

人与人相遇,免不了要打招呼,打招呼也要根据不同时间、地点和不同对象采用的用语。

不同时间打招呼

“早上好。”

“您好。.”

“午睡了吗?”

“还没下班哪?”

“晚上好。”

“今年春天来的真早啊。.”

今年夏天这么热。”

“天要下雨了,带伞了吗?”

“就你一个人出来扫雪啊。”

不同地点打招呼

“您也到超市来啦。”

“今天的快递送去了吧。”

“上班吗?”

“路上塞车真难走啊!

“一家三口逛街来啦?

“买菜啦?”

与众人打招呼

“两位伯伯好。”

“姐俩有何贵干哪?”

“三位同学在研究什么哪?”

特殊场合打招呼

“噢,张先生来啦。”

“喔,李****要出去啦。”

“哟,这饭真香,如果不是刚刚吃过,真想上桌大吃一顿。我先到隔壁看一下电视,一会再过来。”

寒暄

寒暄就是问寒问暖,寒暄是友谊的桥梁,寒暄不是一堆废话,而是固定的短语,寒暄可以抛“砖”引“玉”。

问候类

“几岁啦?”

“身体好吗?”

“最近很忙吧!”

“今天有课吗?”

“又有大作问世了吧。”

言他式

“今天天气真好.”

“最近上演了一部叫《无极》的电影,据说挺不错,你看过了吗?”

触景生情式

“这汽车真不错,新买的吗?”

“真用功,这么晚了还在读书啊.”

“看电视哪.”

夸赞式

“小张,今天穿这身衣服,显的更漂亮啦.”

“小王,越来越年轻啦.”

“今天气色不错.”

赞美

作为交谈的重要组成部分,赞美不可失度。恰到好处的赞美可博得对方欢心,帮助交际成功。

寓贬于褒法

“您的文思敏捷,文笔流畅,如果再有一手好字,真是锦上添花啦。”

“菜炒得真好,如果再讲究点配色,就色、香、味俱佳了.”

暗度陈仓法

“您的孩子真有礼貌。

“你的徒弟实在不错.真是名师出高徒啊。”

抑扬巧变法

“您的文章我已经拜读了但发表在××刊物上,实在有些委屈。”

“小时候你很调皮,现在有出息啦。”

“对你的工作,我实在妒忌的很哪。”

“没关系,许多大艺术家都不修边副。”

参照类比法

“您的作品虽不太成熟,但有茅盾的风格.”

“你长有好像刘晓庆.”

借花献佛

“听小何说,你的篮球打得很.”

“小李告诉我,你工作很有一套.”

迁境开脱法

“这种场合,如果痪成别人,也会出错的.”

“这件事责任不能归你,你已尽了最大努了.

希望憧憬法

“如果您再努把力,这件事干得还要出色.”

“假如高考那天你不感冒,一定能考个状元.”

谦虚

转移对像法

“不要歌颂我,当年我还是一个红小鬼,有好多老前辈值的我们歌颂呢.不过,你讲的很有感情.”

“我做的很不够,与李素丽相比差远呢.”

自轻成绩法

“您过奖了,我也是灵机一来,产生了一些想法,然后又用实验验证了一下而已.”

“我不知道世人怎样看你,不过我只觉得好像一个孩子在海边玩耍时,偶尔拣到几只光亮的贝壳.但是,对真正的大海,我还没有发现呢.”

“像我这么笨的人能作到今天这个地步都是大家帮助的结果,否则的话不会取的这样的成绩.”

相对肯定法

有人问丹麦物理学家波尔:‘‘你创建了世界第一流的物理学派,有什么秘诀吗?”波尔幽默而含蓄地说:”也许我不怕在学生前暴露自己的愚蠢.’’

有人称赞鲁迅是天才.鲁迅说:”哪能有什么天才,我是把别人喝咖啡的时间用在工作上了的.’’

设喻体法

“鲁迅先生愿做为人民服务‘牛’,我愿意做这头‘牛’的尾巴。”

“那我就做‘牛’尾巴上的毛吧,它可以帮助‘牛’把吸血的‘大头苍蝇’和‘蚊子’扫掉。”

技巧词语法

“我的讲话不是什么真知灼见,只不过是抛砖引玉罢了。”

“谈不上报告,只是把最近的情况通报一下而已。”

征求批评法

“你是我的老领导,我非常想听听你的意见。”

“我是做了一些工作,你帮我分析一下接下来该怎么做?”

安慰

人生道路多坎坷,不幸的事随时都可能发生,身处逆境,而对不幸,不但自己要坚强,而且非常要亲人和朋友的安慰。

传统法

“好事多磨,不要灰心。”

“谋事在人,成事在天。”

塞翁失马,焉知非福。”

大难不死,必有后福。”

“失败是成功之母。”

“留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。”

分析法

“我知道你心里一定很痛苦。不过,在人的一生中,难免会遇到坎坷和挫折,我们不能希望四时皆春,大自然规律必然有严冬之时。严冬到了春天还会远吗?要相信自己,相信周围的人。”

解说法

“80岁辞世,也算是寿终正寝了。你也要想开些,节哀顺变。”

世界名著大多是在逆境中完成的,如果条件太好,反而什么也写不出来了。”

“你的危险期已经过去了,病好以后有了免疫力,你比我们还多一层保险呢。”

拒绝

必要的时候要懂得拒绝,为了避免尴尬,拒绝时要讲究艺术要力求婉转。诚恳的态度、得体的用语可以把这种不快减少到最低限度,并得到对方的谅解和认可。

诱导法

甲向乙打听机密,乙神秘地问:“你能保密吗?”甲说:“能。”乙接着说:“你能,我也能。”

推托法

“前几天公司刚宣布过,不准任何顾客进仓库,我怎么能带你去呢?”

“这个问题很严重,我个人无法决定。但可以把你的要求带回去,我们讨论以后再答复你。”

“不是我不给你,实在是没有了,我也没办法。”

推诿法

“这个设想不错,只是目前条件还不成熟。”

“这倒是个好办法,但我的上司恐怕接受不了。”

“真对不起,我们刚刚进了一批货,下次再说吧。”

谦虚是一种美德,是人类的高尚品质。交往中使用谦虚用语,可以给人一个好的印象。

影射法

“小伙子,我真难以想象公司少了你会怎么样,不过我从下星期一开始想试试看。”

“贵公司地理环境不太好,我看 公司可能更适合举办这次活动。”

转移法

“这件事谁也说不准,到时候自然会见分晓。”

问:“认为贵公司不可能按时交货。”答:“我怎么不知道,他听谁说的。”

批评

金无足赤,人无完人。我们需要赞美,也需要批评。赞美是鼓励,批评是监督,但要讲求语言艺术。

警告式

“国家纲纪,;离不赏罚,不能居功自傲,否则将后悔莫及。”

“我们是国家干部,****党员,应该做遵纪守法、廉洁奉公的楷模。”

启发式

“聪明人肯定不会像你这样蛮干,你想一想,难道没有更好的办法吗?”

“好吧,回去好好想一想,看我说的有没有一点道理。”

委婉式

古时候齐景公爱打猎,烛邹不小心放走一只猎鹰。齐景公大发雷霆,要杀烛邹。晏

子对齐景公说:“烛邹有三大罪状,我公布了再杀不迟。”齐景公同意了。晏子说:

“第一条是为大王养鹰却让鹰跑了,第二条是烛邹使大王为了一只鸟要杀人,第三条是让天下人知道大王重鸟轻人。”齐景公听出晏子在委婉地批评他,会便下令把烛邹放了。

幽默式

汉武帝晚年时想长生不老。对臣说:“相书上说,人鼻子下面的人中越长,人中长一寸能活100岁,不知道是真是假。“东方朔觉得很可笑。汉武帝说:

“你敢笑话我?”东方朔说:“不敢,我是笑彭祖的脸太难看啦。”汉武帝问:“为什么?”东方朔说:“据说彭祖活了800岁,如果真像皇上刚才说的,彭祖的人中就有8寸长,那么,他的脸不是有丈把长了吗?”汉武帝大笑起来,从谈笑中接受了批评。

道歉

生活中少不了麻烦打扰旁人,甚至会造成对他人的损害,此时少不了道歉。

“对不起。”

“请原谅。”

“很抱歉。”

“打扰了。”

“给您添麻烦了。”

“对不起,我错怪你了,是我的不对。”

“请你转告李先生,就说我对不起他。”

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